What is a Good Advanced Research Park supposed to be equipped with?

Two of the opposite sounds against advanced research park are about how will the organization of Chung Hsing New Village become and how will wastes made by the research park be treated now and after the expansion of the research park. This annotation takes a biomedical research park in UK, Granta Park, as an example. Granta Park’s environment is similar as Chung Hsing New Village’s. The article is going to show you to what extent a high-quality advanced research park should be organized and managed.

Granta Park is located in Cambridge Science Park, East of British Kingdom. Granta Park is ideally positioned within the Cambridge Science Cluster, UK's leading region for biosciences, and benefits from excellent access by road and rail due to its South Cambridge location. Operated and managed by Incorporated Granta Park Inc., the Park has not only maintained a high standard of environmental protection and sustainability, but also possessed an effective assets and liabilities management, providing continuous growth and innovation to itself since 1996. With over 250 biotech companies, 100 medical technology companies and 370 service companies support the life science sector. This region is home to the most mature and successful cluster of biotechnology and life science companies in Europe.

One of the characteristics of Granta Park is in terms of scenery design, building form and service provision. Another characteristic is that Granta Park is managed by incorporations. Granta Park utilizes capitals to manage all the developments and services as well as takes the responsibility for them. Along River Granta is an 80- acre land which provides wide roads and parking place. It owns a lake, meadowland, 20-acre forest land and a cricket field. Pavements consist of trees. Cycle lane and semi-rural environment offers a high-quality working space. Also, Granta Park gives vehicles safety of transportation with single exit and proficient surveillance system. Center of management also puts a lot of effort on scenery and building design. Besides, Granta Park devotes to maintaining and reconstructing the static natural animal habitats. Granta Park’s buildings are constructed in simple subject matters in order not to confront the original styles of landscape.

As for eco-friendly request from biomedical park, it has extremely specific standard of the emission of exhaust fumes and water. Most of wastes are restored in special containers. Afterwards, they will be sent to businesses which are professional at waste treatment. In UK, incorporations are all very clear about the rules and never violate them.

In conclusion, if imitating the organization and management of Granta Park, Chung Hsing New Village’s landscape destruction and exhaust pollution would not be a problem. Instead, it would be a lovely friendly living environment.

Reference

Ma, W.Y. (2003). Inspecting facility construction and managing mode of a bio-medical park in UK. International Official Affairs Report. Retrieved from http://report.nat.gov.tw/ReportFront/report_detail.jspx?sysId=C09204030

What are a Good Advanced Research Park Supposed to be Equipped with?

Two of the opposite sounds against advanced research park are about how will the organization of Chung Hsing New Village become and how will wastes made by the research park be treated now and after the expansion of it. This annotation takes an biomedical research park in UK, Granta Park, as an example. Granta Park’s environment is similar as Chung Hsing New Village’s. It is going to show you to what extent a high-quality advanced research park should be organized and managed.

Granta Park is located in Cambridge Science Park, East of British Kingdom. Granta Park is ideally positioned within the Cambridge Science Cluster, UK's leading region for biosciences, and benefits from excellent access by road and rail due to its South Cambridge location. Operated and managed by Incorporated Granta Park Inc., the Park has not only maintained a high standard of environmental protection and sustainability, but also possessed an effective assets and liabilities management, providing continuous growth and innovation to itself since 1996. With over 250 biotech companies, 100 medical technology companies and 370 service companies supporting the life science sector this region is home to the most mature and successful cluster of biotechnology and life science companies in Europe.

One of the characteristics of Granta Park is in terms of scenery design, building form and service provision. Another characteristic is that Granta Park is managed by incorporations. Granta Park utilizes capitals to manage all the developments and services as well as takes the responsibility for them. Along River Granta is an 80- acre land which provides wide roads and parking place. It owns a lake, meadowland, 20-acre forest land and a cricket field. Pavements consist of trees. Cycle lane and semi-rural environment offers a high-quality working space. Also, Granta Park give vehicles safety of transportation with single exit and proficient surveillance system. Center of management also puts a lot of effort on scenery and building design. Besides, Granta Park devotes to maintaining and reconstructing the static natural animal habitats. Granta Park’s buildings are constructed in simple subject matters in order not to confront the original styles of landscape.

As for eco-friendly request from biomedical park, it has extremely specific standard of the emission of exhaust fumes and water. Most of wastes are restored in special containers. Afterwards, they will be sent to businesses professional at waste treatment. In UK, incorporations are all very clear about the rules and never violate them.

In conclusion, if imitating the organization and management of Granta Park, landscape destruction and exhaust pollution would not be a problem. Instead, it would be a lovely friendly living environment.

Reference

Ma, W.Y. (2003). Inspecting facility construction and managing mode of a bio-medical park in UK. International Official Affairs Report. Retrieved from http://report.nat.gov.tw/ReportFront/report_detail.jspx?sysId=C09204030

Is It Really Awful to Have Advanced Research Park Coming in?

        According to the final report from National Science Council, in order to integrate political resources, the government started to plan the integration of Chung Hsing Village and announced that Chung Hsing New Village as a Advanced Research Park.

Since 2000, Ministry of the Interior referring to the rule of “preservation,” the existing facilities and landscape of humanities should be put into prior consideration of preservation. 

        Cited from the plan of Chung Hsing New Village developing into the Advanced Research Park(2008), the park would plan to be a complex researching park, and would offer enough advantages to encourage and attract industrial and researching activities.

1.          First, through the advanced network and physical facilities, Advanced Research Park would strengthen basic abilities for sustainable technological development. 

2.          Second, the way of management of the park is to practice condense knowledge activities such as creating the cooperative opportunities amongst universities, researching institutions and enterprises, which could be the home to excellent elites.

3.          Advanced Research Park are expected to provide the nodes of corporations between top-level academic researches and innovative development, global technology exchanges, and venues for intellectuals and intelligence exchanges.

4.          It would also sufficiently equipped with vital infrastructures and mutual equipment, stimulating high value-added research development among entire industries.

5.          Advanced Research Park will surely become the home base for high quality living and research environment, as well as a residence abundant with global aspects and log-term goals.

Chung Hsing New Village plays an important role in the history of Taiwan’s development. “Plan of Chung Hsing New Village developing into a Advanced Research Park park” was drafted in order to adjust itself to the changing of environment and the transformation of the whole space. Therefore, before putting resources into it, the government was supposed to recheck the position of redevelopment to insure each investment could produce utmost efficiency.

1.          The park won’t destroy existing urban texture and preserve part of historical buildings as much as possible such as Provincial Building, Taiwan Provincial Administration Information Hall, Library, file center and National History Building, which maintaining original functions and also improve its researching facilities and functions as well as improve the international interaction.

2.          Catering to the development needs from the park, basically Central Science Park will preserve original urban texture and the big facilities in the area. Furthermore, it will reinforce inadequate spatial mechanism in the concept of international village.

3.          The government will preserve one special historical unit as Taiwanese humanities history researching park.

4.          Advanced Research Park would also construct a new mechanism of management, following the international trends emphasizing specifically on research development, without importing industrial production and assembling activities, to ensure the residences a high-quality living environment.

      The Advance Research Park will continually release usable lands and spaces base on the principle of “Construct First, Move then”, that is, the release of lands must be along with the magnitude and stages of overall demands, to rectify the move-out and move-in speeds of original bureaus and newly established institutions, in order to guarantee steady and sustainable development.

Reference

Ministry of Science and Technology (2009). Final Report of Plan of Chung Hsing New Village      as an Advanced Research Park. Retrieved      from http://img5.okgo.tw/chnv/document03.pdf

Is It Really Awful to Have Advanced Research Park Coming in?

According to the final report from National Science Council, in order to integrate political resources, the government started to plan the integration of Chung Hsing Village and announced that Chung Hsing New Village as a Advanced Research Park.

Since 2000, Ministry of the Interior referring to the rule of “preservation,” the existing facilities and landscape of humanities should be put into prior consideration of preservation. 

Cited from the plan of Chung Hsing New Village developing into the Advanced Research Park(2008), the park would plan to be a complex researching park, and would offer enough advantages to encourage and attract industrial and researching activities.

1.          First, through the advanced network and physical facilities, Advanced Research Park would strengthen basic abilities for sustainable technological development. 

2.          Second, the way of management of the park is to practice condense knowledge activities such as creating the cooperative opportunities amongst universities, researching institutions and enterprises, which could be the home to excellent elites.

3.          Advanced Research Park are expected to provide the nodes of corporations between top-level academic researches and innovative development, global technology exchanges, and venues for intellectuals and intelligence exchanges.

4.          It would also sufficiently equipped with vital infrastructures and mutual equipment, stimulating high value-added research development among entire industries.

5.          Advanced Research Park will surely become the home base for high quality living and research environment, as well as a residence abundant with global aspects and log-term goals.

Chung Hsing New Village plays an important role in the history of Taiwan’s development. “Plan of Chung Hsing New Village developing into a Advanced Research Park park” was drafted in order to adjust itself to the changing of environment and the transformation of the whole space. Therefore, before putting resources into it, the government was supposed to recheck the position of redevelopment to insure each investment could produce utmost efficiency.

1.          The park won’t destroy existing urban texture and preserve part of historical buildings as much as possible such as Provincial Building, Taiwan Provincial Administration Information Hall, Library, file center and National History Building, which maintaining original functions and also improve its researching facilities and functions as well as improve the international interaction.

2.          Catering to the development needs from the park, basically Central Science Park will preserve original urban texture and the big facilities in the area. Furthermore, it will reinforce inadequate spatial mechanism in the concept of international village.

3.          The government will preserve one special historical unit as Taiwanese humanities history researching park.

4.          Advanced Research Park would also construct a new mechanism of management, following the international trends emphasizing specifically on research development, without importing industrial production and assembling activities, to ensure the residences a high-quality living environment.

      The Advance Research Park will continually release usable lands and spaces base on the principle of “Construct First, Move then”, that is, the release of lands must be along with the magnitude and stages of overall demands, to rectify the move-out and move-in speeds of original bureaus and newly established institutions, in order to guarantee steady and sustainable development.

Reference

Ministry of Science and Technology (2009). Final Report of Plan of Chung Hsing New Village      as an Advanced Research Park. Retrieved      from http://img5.okgo.tw/chnv/document03.pdf

Reflection (1)

    First of all, I would like to briefly introduce my essays so far and then talk about what teacher commented on my works at a teacher-student conference on November 6, 2014.
    My issue paper’s topic is Industrial Development in Chun Hsing New Village. At the first paragraph I explain the situation Chun Hsing New Village where Central Science Park not only has been built but also plans to expand its territory. In the second paragraph, I emphasizes the importance of Chun Hsing New Village’s awesome organization of buildings and neighborhood. In the third paragraph, I talk more about the detailed things about Central Science Park’s plan and economy. At the fourth paragraph is about the two different sounds about the government’s plan. While the last paragraph is my decision to preserve Chun Hsing New Village. Teacher’s comment about my issue paper is to figure out and focus on a certain issue and thesis such as town’s self-identification, economy, positive community interaction, etc. And later I chose to focus on town’s self-identification.
    My annotation (1)’s topic is Why Should We Preserve Historical Heritage of Chung Hsing New Village? In this essay, I focus on the preservation of Chung Hsing New Village. At the first paragraph, I briefly introduce the plan of preservation. At the second paragraph, I talk about the history of Chung Hsing New Village and the special design of the neighborhood. At the third paragraph, I offer some people’s innovating idea about improving Chung Hsing New Village’s economy with some transformation based on the already existing construction. Also, it would do no harm to the landscape and historical cultural heritages. In my conclusion, Chung Hsing New Village should make more effort on preservation due to its value of heritages. My classmates gave me some suggestions toward my first draft: I can focus on cultural heritage of this village and introduce more features of this culture heritages. I can find more examples of villages that have the same situation as Chung Hsing New Village. And talk about the following question: can economic development and environment protection be balanced?  But there still is comment I don’t really agree such us the suggestion that I consider Chung Hsing New Village and its future value for Taipei City. I don’t really understand whay we should associate them.
    The topic of my second annotation is Cultural Heritage versus Economic Development. At the opening I pop my thesis statement: Cultural Heritage could coexist with economic development. In the second paragraph, I use the example of Taipei Water Park Museum. In my summary, preservation of cultural heritage is not a big deal to condense the economic situation. One of my peer group members suggests me that I could make more positive opinions that support government’s plan against my position. And I agree with that, for so far I only talk about preservation of the village except for the positive sound.
    On the meeting, teacher said that my previous essays are too emotional on my opinion and decision. They are too objective. I only want to fight against the government’s attempt, but haven’t find strong reasons to oppose them. I would be beat easily if the government wants to persuade me to agree with them. Therefore, teacher suggested me that I go find the detailed plan of Central Science Park, and go through it, making deeply research. And my next annotation will about it. I’m suggested to stand on the position right against my original position.

Cultural Heritage verus Economic Development

      Cultural heritage could coexist with economic development. In the case of Chung Hsing New Village, the entering of Central Science Park is faced both sides of support and opposite. The side of opposite states that it would destroy the landscape and the cultural heritages. While the other side states that the entering of Central Science Park could improve the decreasing economy due to the simplification of Taiwan Provincial Government. However, is it the only option to sacrifice historical heritage in order to develop economy?

       Actually, preservation of cultural heritage could improve economic development. Take the Taipei Water Park Museum for instance, in 1974 after the modern water supply facility was finished, the government of Taipei City were meant to dismantled the previous structure of Taipei Water Source Site to follow the urbanization project as the economy took off. Owing to the rising awareness of preservation of historical heritage in Taiwan, as well as the support provided by the president Lee Teng-Hui, endeavoring to preserve and renovate architectures and structures built during the Japanese colonial period, the Taiwan Water Corporation began to collect history data and pictures later used in renovation and establishment of the Museum of Taiwan Water Park in 1993. The total budget spent was nearly as much as constructing the new headquarter of the Taiwan Water Corporation, as the project started in the same year. But the result was unbelievably astonishing; the museum soon became a popular tour spot in Taiwan and draw hundreds of thousands of people from all over the world to visit this amazingly unique and beautiful Baroque architecture. And area around the museum are also well utilized and transform into a water park with fountains and playgrounds, bringing huge amount of added value to the museum.

Taipei Water Park Museum

  

    In summary, preservation of cultural heritage is not a big deal to condense the economic situation. On the contrary, with adequate maintenance and perhaps a couple of renovation, it could attract plenty of tourists. For Chung Hsing New Village, its complete and well-organized infrastructure layout already offers services such as Chung Hsing Conference Hall, which mimics the style of the U.S. presidential residence, White House, and was build by Taiwan Provincial Government in 1950s. Chung Hsing Conference Hall is a famous spot for soap opera filming and wedding shots. Also, it is surrounded by a children park, a library, a senior high school, a playground, and a supermarket. The perfect arrangement has provided a comfortable and refreshing area for the locals and tourist. Subsequently, the economy of Chung Hsing New Village gradually revives. Hence, preservation of cultural heritage in Chung Hsing New Village is a potential way to develop economy at the meantime.  

 Chung Hsing Conference Hall

Cultural Heritage verus Economic Development

    Cultural heritage could coexist with economic development. In the case of Chung Hsing New Village, the entering of Central Science Park is faced both sides of support and opposite. The side of opposite states that it would destroy the landscape and the cultural heritages. While the other side stats that the entering of Central Science Park could improve the decreasing economy since the simplification of Taiwan Provincial Government. However, do we only have the choice to sacrifice historical heritage in order to develop economy?

     Actually, preservation of cultural heritage could improve economic development. Take the Taipei Water Park Museum for instance, in 1974 after the modern water supply facility was finished, the government of Taipei City were meant to dismantled the previous structure of Taipei Water Source Site to follow the urbanization project as the economic took off. Owing to the rising awareness of preservation of historical heritage in Taiwan, as well as the support provided by the president Lee Teng-Hui, endeavoring to preserve and renovate architectures and structures built during the Japanese colonial period, the Taiwan Water Corporation began to collect history data and pictures later used in renovation and establishment of the Museum of Taiwan Water Park in 1993. The total budget spent was nearly as much as constructing the new headquarter of the Taiwan Water Corporation, as the project started in the same year. But the result was unbelievably astonishing; the museum soon became a popular tour spot in Taiwan and draw hundreds of thousands of people from all over the world to visit this amazingly unique and beautiful Baroque architecture. And the area around the museum are also well utilized and transform into a water park with fountains and playgrounds, bringing huge amount of added value to the museum.

Taipei Water Park Museum

    In summary, preservation of cultural heritage is not a big deal to condense the economic situation. On the contrary, with adequate maintenance and perhaps a couple of renovation, it could attract plenty of tourists. For Chung Hsing New Village, its complete urban plan already offers the service such as Chung Hsing Conference Hall, which imitates the style of White Hose Dome and was build by Taiwan Provincial Government in 1950s. Ching Hsing Conference is a famous spot for soup opera and wedding shots. Also, it is surrounded by a children park, a library, a senior high school, a playground, and a supermarket. The perfect arrangement has provided a comfortable and refreshing area for the locals and tourists from outside of Chung Hsing New Village. Subsequently, the economy of Chung Hsing New Village gradually revives. Hence, preservation of cultural heritage in Chung Hsing New Village is a potential way to develop economy at the meantime.  

Reference

The official website of Taipei Water Park. Museum of drinking water. Retrieved from 

         https://waterpark.twd.gov.tw/english/museum/museum.htm

Why should we preserve Historical Heritage of Chung Hsing New Village?

      Studying history is a way to understand history. Visiting historical heritage is a way to experience history. That’s why a large group of people fight for the preservation of their hometown heritage. Chung Hsing New Village is just a typical instance. Because of the entering of Central Science Park, a part of the locals realize the importance of village preservation. They have been working hard on collecting disappearing memories of Chung Hsing New Village’s past for a long time, and have attempted to manage village self-image and identity to prove its value of preservation.

      According to  Liou Y.W. (2009), Chung Hsing New Village is equipped with special role and meaningful heritages. It appeared in the continuous atmosphere of Chinese Civil War. With limited material resources and human resources, Chung Hsing New Village has been the home to Taiwan Provincial Government for over forty years. At that tough time, several Taiwanese designers went abroad to Engalnd to learn special design of new town, Garden City, and implanted it into Taiwan land. In only two years, a local persevered new town was established. The process is not only full of inspiring footsteps of human striving but also documents Asian representation from the output of contemporary European civilization.  

The landscape of Chung Hsing New Village—A beautiful garden city. Referring to Wikipedia, Garden cities were intended to be planned, self-contained communities surrounded by "greenbelts", containing proportionate areas of residences, industry and agriculture.

      Facing the territorial exploitation from Central Science Park, Chung Hsing New Village is supposed not only to figure out its own identity but also to search for sustainable economic manner to be the backup of it. In 2002, Taiwan Provincial Government came up with several ideas about future development—to utilize existed resources such as historical document museum, dormitories, international conference center, swimming pool, golf court, badminton court, tennis court to transform into live museums and a sightseeing tourist center. With a little modification, Chung Hsing New Village could cater the needs to deal with meals and accommodation, by which tourists could enjoy the comfortable environment as well as its convenience.

    In conclusion, Chung Hsing New Village should make more effort on preservation due to its historical and profitable value. Furthermore, Government and the residents need to endeavor to build a sequel of potential and hopeful plans for a prosperous resort with historical significance for the elegant garden city.

Reference

 Liou Y.W. (2009). The Imagined Space for Chung Hsing New Village to  apply for World
               Heritage. Retrieved from
               http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/web-life/taiwan/9802/9802-13.html

Wikipedia. Garden City. Retrieved from
                http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden_city_movement

The Cutural Value of Chung Hsing New Village

    Chung Hsing New Village is one of the first urbanization project and also the greatest of its kind in Taiwan since it was designed when Taiwan restoration in 1949. Therefore its value of preservation is obvious. The importance of Chung Hsing New Village’s urbanization then became the model of the other places of Taiwan. The urbanization has offered a variety of service from education, medical, diet, recreation, and to the end of life. What is the most special and worth preserving are its main office buildings and the neighborhood organization. According to Yaw-Hwa Liou(2009), Chung Hsing New Village is now applying for world heritage qualified by United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. First, it displays the conflict relationship between Taiwan and China. Moreover, the buildings of official accommodation are built according English constructing concept, garden city. Green resources are abundant, which is a featured urbanization plan.

    Central Science Park has been on planning fifth developing in Chung Hsing New Village since 2009. Although it faced a wave of opposite sounds, it still entered Chung Hsing New Villageand has built a large complex of industrial park. However, according to Central Science Park’s construction history, a large part of the construction is not fully utilized. If Central Science Park wants to expand its land across Chung Hsing New Village, the worry about the same situation might occur. Therefore, the planning of industrial park is doubtful. What’s more, the development might destroy the cultural heritages without carefully land surveying.

Some of the opposition groups to Central Science Park cited Village Preservation Act to promote importance of preservation of local cultural heritages, social convention, daily life-style, urban landscape and so on. Nevertheless, Chung Hsing New Village’s 50 years of history seemed insufficient to the officials to support the concept of “preservation”, not to mention there are quite numbers of towns and villages older than Chung Hsing New Village are currently under urban renewal evaluation for future revival and industrial upgrades.

    Apparently, the locals of Chung Hsing New Village and government can’t establish mutual commitment. Now, the first priority is to gather two sides and survey the village whatever houses, roads, sidewalks, children parks, any kinds of historical and cultural construction. And then, the host of Public Television Video Production (2011, November) said that the second step is to draw a detailed blueprint including how to expand the land of industrial park without destroying them. There is one thing that should not be forgotten: the impact of the value of cultural heritage on the locals and Taiwan. Both sides should keep this in mind to accomplish Chung Hsing New Village’s ideal future.

Reference

Yaw-Hwa Liou (2009). The Imagined Space for Chung Hsing New Village to Apply for World       

    Heritage. Retrieved from http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/web-life/taiwan/9802/9802-13.html

Public Television Video Production (2011, December). Our Island-- Chung Hsing New Village’s 

    Revival. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JH2jNpCVMpU

Public Television Video Production (2011, November). Is Chung Hsing New Village going to 

    become an advanced industrial park? Scholars call for preservation of its cultural heritages.      

    Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k1JeJ8W0GcA

Chu-Shu Chuan (2009, November). Chung Hsing New Village is going to become an advanced 

    industrial park. Citizen Journalism. Retrieved from http://www.peopo.org/news/42786

Industrial Development in Chung Hsing New Village

In 2009, The Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of China set up an industrial innovation park at November in  Chung Hsing New Village(中興新村), a town in Nantou County. It gained a part of the local residents’ support and at the meantime was opposed by some of the ones.

Chung Hsing New Village is home to the Taiwan Provincial Government. Since the dormitories and buildings of government officials are belonged to the government, the town organization was completely planned by the government. The town was designed in a British way in which streets and roads are uniform and gardens are technically built to be a space for U turn. The design made Chung Hsing New Village the first model town of Taiwan in which public facilities are the most advanced. Besides, it remains a couple of cultural heritages since the age when the government of Republic of China arrived Taiwan such as the building of the Taiwan Provincial Government, White House- domed Chung Hsing Hall, government officials’ red- roof houses, bomb shelter No.39, the “Taiwan well known” lotus pond, the magnificent three- building Taiwan Provincial Common History Historica, to name a few.

In these ten years, there have been plans for an industrial innovation park to be set up in the planned zone in the town. The government hopes that the special innovation park will help to achieve industrial upgrades and innovation among bio-technologies in central Taiwan. The ministry has invited domestic research institutes, such as the Institute for Information Industry and the Industrial Technology Research Institute, to open their innovation and incubation centers in the planned zone in Chung Hsing New Village. Industrial investment in the park and the research center are expected to generate a production value of between NT$15 billion and NT$60 billion annually.

The development plan faces two quite different sound. Some of the local residents welcome it, for there is less and less jobs and business in Chung Hsing New Village since the Taiwan Provincial Government was reduced by Central Government. They hope the arrival of the industrial innovation park will bring back prosperity of the early age. While the other culturally conscious residents stand out to oppose against the plan. It is because the Ministry of Science and Technology wanted to impose more complete land for the industrial park, which will reduce cost of development and increase profit. However, it is necessarily going to pull down the original construction including those historical heritage, greeny elegant roadside trees, and well- designed community.

Now, the park has come into the town and attempt to expand its land. To cater to the expectations of both sides, the government should scout the location detailedly, understanding the existing construction in order not to destroy the appearance of the town when practicing the plan. As for the opposing sounds, keeping fighting against the government is not pragmatic at all. On the contrary, they should not only help the government realize the importance of the cultural heritages but also associate with the government about the approach of new construction with cultural heritages being preserved.